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How to Read an NGS Cancer Report
Variants, biomarkers, evidence tiers and the questions to take to your oncologist
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Browse every published guide, explainer and answer in the knowledge library.
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CGP 550 Plus and CGP 270 Plus Cancer Testing
How the panels differ and how to read a comprehensive genomic profile
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MammaPrint and BluePrint Breast Cancer Testing
What the tests measure and how results support treatment discussions
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Variant Allele Frequency in Cancer NGS Reports
What VAF measures, why percentages vary and what they cannot tell you alone
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Gene Fusions in Cancer
What a fusion means, how testing finds it and why the method matters
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Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer
Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2 and Basal types—and how they differ from routine pathology labels
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Understanding MammaPrint Results
Risk categories, the MammaPrint Index and what to discuss when the report arrives
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PD-L1 Testing in Cancer: IHC Scores and Result Interpretation
Understand what PD-L1 IHC measures, how TPS, CPS and immune-cell scores are calculated, and why results must be interpreted by your oncology team.
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MSI Testing in Cancer: MSI-High, PCR, IHC and Results
Understand MSI-high, MSI-low, MSS and dMMR, how PCR, IHC and NGS testing work, and how cancer biomarker reports are interpreted.
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Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome: Genes, Risk and Testing
Understand HBOC, BRCA1/2 and other genes, inheritance, counselling, test choices and why a negative BRCA result may not exclude hereditary risk.
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BRCA1 vs BRCA2 Mutations: Cancer Risks and Test Results
Understand BRCA1 and BRCA2, germline versus somatic findings, pathogenic variants, VUS results and genetic counselling in India.